Разница между on time и in time; at the end и in the end

Урок 122
On time и in time

On time = punctual, not late = точно в назначенное/запланированное время, вовремя:

  • The 11.45 train left on time. (= it left at 11.45)
    Поезд на 11:45 отправился вовремя. (= он выехал (со станции) в 11:45)
  • ‘I’ll meet you at 7.30.’ ‘OK, but please be on time.’ (= don’t be late, be there at 7.30)
    ‘Я встречу тебя в 7:30.’ ‘Хорошо, только, пожалуйста, приходи вовремя.’
  • The conference was well-organised. Everything began and finished on time.
    Конференция была хорошо организована. Всё начиналось и заканчивалось точно в запланированное время.

Противоположным значением (антонимом) on time является late:

  • Be on time. Don’t be late.
    Приходи вовремя. Не опаздывай.

In time (for something / to do something) = soon enough = вовремя, своевременно, заранее:

  • Will you be home in time for dinner? (= soon enough for dinner)
    Ты будешь дома к обеду?
  • I’ve sent Emma a birthday present. I hope it arrives in time (for her birthday). (= on or before her birthday)
    Я отправил Эмме подарок на день рождения. Надеюсь, что он прибудет вовремя. (= в или до её дня рождения)
  • I’m in a hurry. I want to be home in time to see the football match on television. (= soon enough to see the football match)
    Я тороплюсь. Хочу быть дома вовремя (пораньше), чтобы посмотреть футбольный матч по телевизору.

Антонимом in time является too late:

  • I got home too late to see the football match on television.
    Я прибыл домой слишком поздно для того, чтобы посмотреть футбольный матч по телевизору.

Вы можете сказать just in time (= almost too late = как раз вовремя):

  • We got to the station just in time for our train.
    Мы приехали на станцию как раз вовремя, чтобы сесть на поезд.
  • A child ran into the road in front of the car - I managed to stop just in time.
    Ребенок выбежал на дорогу перед автомобилем, но я сумел остановился как раз вовремя.
At the end и in the end

At the end (of something) = в конце = во то время, когда что-то заканчивается. Например:

at the end of the month
at the end of the film
at the end of January
at the end of the course
at the end of the game
at the end of the concert
  • I’m going away at the end of January / at the end of the month.
    Я уезжаю в конце января / в конце месяца
  • At the end of the concert, there was great applause.
    В заключении концерта прозвучали бурные аплодисменты.
  • The players shook hands at the end of the game.
    Игроки пожали друг другу руки в конце игры.

Вы не можете сказать ‘in the end of...’. Т.е. нельзя говорить ‘in the end of January’ или ‘in the end of the concert’.

Противоположным значением at the end (of ...) является at the beginning (of ...) – в начале:

  • I’m going away at the beginning of January. (not in the beginning)

In the end = finally = в конечном счёте, в конце концов.

Мы используем in the end, когда говорим о том, каким был конечный результат ситуации:

  • We had a lot of problems with our car. We sold it in the end. (= finally we sold it)
    У нас было много проблем с автомобилем. В конце концов мы его продали.
  • He got more and more angry. In the end he just walked out of the room.
    Он становился все злее и злее. В конце концов он просто вышел из комнаты.
  • Alan couldn’t decide where to go for his holidays. He didn’t go anywhere in the end. (not at the end)
    Алан не мог решить куда поехать в отпуск. В конечном счете он никуда не поехал.

Противоположным значением in the end обычно является at firstсначала/первое время:

  • At first we didn’t get on very well, but in the end we became good friends.
    Сначала мы очень не понравились друг другу, но в конце концов мы стали друзьями.

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения, выбрав on time или in time.

  1. The bus was late this morning, but it’s usually .
  2. The film was supposed to start at 8.30, but it didn’t begin .
  3. I like to get up to have a big breakfast before going to work.
  4. We want to start the meeting , so please don’t be late.
  5. I’ve just washed this shirt. I want to wear it this evening, so I hope it will be dry .
  6. The train service isn’t very good. The trains are rarely .
  7. I nearly missed my flight this morning. I got to the airport just .
  8. I nearly forgot that it was Joe’s birthday. Fortunately I remembered .
  9. Why are you never ? You always keep everybody waiting.

Key

2. Прочитайте ситуации, используя just in time.

  1. A child ran into the road in front of your car. You saw the child at the last moment. (manage / stop)
  2. You were walking home. Just after you got home, it started to rain very heavily. (get / home)
  3. Tim was going to sit on the chair you had just painted. You said, ‘Don’t sit on that chair!’, so he didn’t. (stop / him)
  4. You and a friend went to the cinema. You were late and you thought you would miss the beginning of the film. But the film began just as you sat down in the cinema. (get / cinema / beginning of the film)

Key

3. Закончите предложения, используя at the end + следующее:

the course the game the interview the month the race

  1. The players shook hands
  2. I usually get paid
  3. The students had a party
  4. Two of the runners collapsed
  5. To my surprise, I was offered the job

Key

4. Напишите предложения с In the end. Используйте глагол в скобках.

  1. We had a lot of problems with our car. (sell)
  2. Judy got more and more fed up with her job. (resign)
  3. I tried to learn German, but I found it too difficult. (give up)
  4. We couldn’t decide whether to go to the party or not. (not / go)

Key

5. Выберите at или in.

  1. I’m going away the end of the month.
  2. It took me a long time to find a job. the end I got a job in a hotel.
  3. Are you going away the beginning of August or the end?
  4. I couldn’t decide what to buy Laura for her birthday. I didn’t buy her anything the end.
  5. We waited ages for a taxi. We gave up the end and walked home.
  6. I’ll be moving to a new address the end of September.
  7. We had a few problems at first, but the end everything was OK.
  8. I’m going away the end of this week.
  9. A: I didn’t know what to do.
    B: Yes, you were in a difficult position. What did you do the end?

Key