Употребление For, During и While в английском языке

Урок 119
For и during

Мы используем for + период времени, чтобы сказать как долго что-либо продолжается:

for two hours

for a week

for ages

  • We watched television for two hours last night.
    Прошлой ночью мы два часа смотрели телевизор.
  • Diane is going away for a week in September.
    Диана в сентябре уезжает на неделю.
  • Where have you been? I’ve been waiting for ages.
    Ты где была? Я ждал целую вечность.
  • Are you going away for the weekend?
    Ты уезжаешь на эти выходные?

Мы используем during + существительное, чтобы сказать когда что-либо произойдет (а не как долго):

during the film

during our holiday

during the night

  • I fell asleep during the film.
    Я заснул во время фильма.
  • We met some really nice people during our holiday.
    Мы встретили очень хороших людей во время отпуска.
  • The ground is wet. It must have rained during the night.
    Земля влажная. Должно быть ночью шел дождь.

С ‘показателями времени’ (например: the morning / the afternoon / the summer), обычно вы можете сказать in или during:

  • It must have rained in the night. (or during the night)
  • I’ll phone you sometime during the afternoon. (or in the afternoon)
    Я позвоню тебе после обеда/днем. (досл.: когда-нибудь в течение дня)

Нельзя использовать during, чтобы сказать как долго что-либо продолжается:

  • It rained for three days without stopping. (not during three days)
    Дождь шёл три дня без остановки.

Сравните during и for:

  • I fell asleep during the film. I was asleep for half an hour.
    Я заснул во время фильма. Я проспал полчаса.
During и while

Сравните:

Мы используем during + существительное:

Мы используем while + подлежащее + сказуемое:

  • I fell asleep during the film.
  • We met a lot of interesting people during our holiday.
  • Robert suddenly began to feel ill during the exam.
    Роберт неожиданно почувствовал себя плохо во время экзамена.
  • I fell asleep while I was watching TV.
  • We met a lot of interesting people while we were on holiday.
  • Robert suddenly began to feel ill while he was doing the exam.
    Роберт неожиданно почувствовал себя плохо, пока он сдавал экзамен.

Еще немного примеров с while:

  • We saw Clare while we were waiting for the bus.
    Мы видели Клэр, пока ждали автобус.
  • While you were out, there was a phone call for you.
    Пока тебя не было, тебе кто-то звонил.
  • Chris read a book while I watched television.
    Крис читал книгу, пока я смотрел телевизор.

Когда вы говорите о будущем, после while используйте настоящее время (а не will):

  • I’ll be in London next week. I hope to see Tom while I’m there. (not while I will be there)
    На следующей неделе я буду в Лондоне. Я надеюсь увидеть Тома, пока я буду там.
  • What are you going to do while you are waiting? (not while you will be waiting)
    Что ты собираешься делать, пока будешь ждать?

См. также урок 25.

Упражнения

1. Выберите for или during.

  1. It rained three days without stopping.
  2. I fell asleep the film.
  3. I went to the theatre last night. I met Sue the interval.
  4. Martin hasn’t lived in Britain all his life. He lived in Brazil four years.
  5. Production at the factory was seriously affected the strike.
  6. I felt really ill last week. I could hardly eat anything three days.
  7. I waited for you half an hour and decided that you weren’t coming.
  8. Sarah was very angry with me. She didn’t speak to me a week.
    9. Key
  9. We usually go out at weekends, but we don’t often go out the week.
  10. Jack started a new job a few weeks ago. Before that he was out of work six months.
  11. I need a change. I think I’ll go away a few days.
  12. The president gave a long speech. She spoke two hours.
  13. We were hungry when we arrived. We hadn’t had anything to eat the journey.
  14. We were hungry when we arrived. We hadn’t had anything to eat eight hours.

Key

2. Выберите during или while.

  1. We met a lot of interesting people we were on holiday.
  2. We met a lot of interesting people our holiday.
  3. I met Mike I was shopping.
  4. I was on holiday, I didn’t read any newspapers or watch TV.
  5. our stay in Paris, we visited a lot of museums and galleries.
  6. The phone rang three times we were having dinner.
  7. The phone rang three times the night.
  8. I had been away for many years. that time, many things had changed.
    9. Key
  9. What did they say about me I was out of the room?
  10. I went out for dinner last night. Unfortunately I began to feel ill the meal and had to go home.
  11. Please don’t interrupt me I’m speaking.
  12. There were many interruptions the president’s speech.
  13. Can you lay the table I get the dinner ready?
  14. We were hungry when we arrived. We hadn’t had anything to eat we were travelling.

Key

3. Закончите предложения, используя свои собственные идеи.

  1. I fell asleep while
  2. I fell asleep during
  3. I hurt my arm while
  4. Can you wait here while
  5. Most of the students looked bored during
  6. I was asked a lot of questions during
    7. Key
  7. Don’t open the car door while
  8. The lights suddenly went out while
  9. It started to rain during
  10. It started to rain while

Key