Мы используем whose в придаточных предложениях вместо his/her/their:

  we saw some people - their car had broken down
→ We saw some people whose car had broken down.
→ Мы увидели людей, чья машина сломалась.

Мы используем whose (чей, чьё, чьи, чья) в основном для людей:

• A widow (вдова) is a woman whose husband is dead. (her husband is dead – её муж мертв.)
• What’s the name of the man whose car you borrowed? (you borrowed his car – ты одолжил его машину)
• I met someone whose brother I went to school with. (I went to school with his/her brother – я ходил в школу с его/её братом)

Сравните who и whose:

• I met a man who knows you. (he knows you – он знает тебя)
• I met a man whose sister knows you. (his sister knows you – его сестра знает тебя)

Whom возможно вместо who, когда оно является дополнением глагола в придаточном предложении (как в предложениях урока 93B):

• The woman whom I wanted to see was away. (I wanted to see her)

Вы также можете использовать whom с предлогом (to whom / from whom / with whom и др.):

• The people with whom I work are very nice. (I work with them – я работаю с ними.)
  Люди, с которыми я работаю, очень хорошие.

Но мы не часто используем whom в разговорном английском. Мы обычно предпочитаем who или that, или ничего (см. урок 93). Т.е. мы обычно говорим:

• The woman I wanted to see ... или The woman who/that I wanted to see ...
• The people I work with ... или The people who/that I work with ...

Вы можете использовать where в придаточном предложении, когда говорите о месте:

   the restaurant - we had dinner there - it was near the airport
→ The restaurant where we had dinner was near the airport.
→ Ресторан, где мы ужинали, был рядом с аэропортом.

• I recently went back to the town where I grew up.
  (или ... the town I grew up in или ... the town that I grew up in)
• I would like to live in a place where there is plenty of sunshine.
  Я бы хотел жить в каком-нибудь месте, где много солнца.

Мы говорим:

• Do you remember the day (that) we went to the zoo?
  Помнишь день, когда (в который) мы ходили в зоопарк?
• The last time (that) I saw her, she looked fine.
  Последний раз, когда (в который) я ее видел, она выглядела хорошо.
• I haven’t seen them since the year (that) they got married.
  Я не видел их с тех пор, как они поженились. (досл.: с такого года, в который...)

Мы говорим:

• The reason I’m phoning you is to ask your advice.
  (or The reason that I’m phoning / The reason why I’m phoning)
  Причина, по которой я тебе звоню, – это спросить твоего совета.

Упражнения

1. Вы встречаете этих людей на вечеринке:

На следующий день вы рассказываете другу об этих людях. Закончите предложения, используя who или whose.

2. Прочитайте ситуации и закончите предложения, используя where.

1. You grew up in a small town. You went back there recently. You tell someone this.
   I recently went back to the small town .
2. You want to buy some postcards. You ask a friend where you can do this.
   Is there a shop near here ?
3. You work in a factory. The factory is going to close down next month. You tell a friend:
   The factory is going to close down next month.
4. Sue is staying at a hotel. You want to know the name of the hotel. You ask a friend:
   Do you know the name of the hotel ?
5. You play football in a park on Sundays. You show a friend the park. You say:
   This is the park on Sundays.

3. Закончите каждое предложение, используя who/whom/whose/where.

1. What’s the name of the man car you borrowed?
2. A cemetery is a place who whom whose where people are buried.
3. A pacifist is a person who whom whose where believes that all wars are wrong.
4. An orphan is a child who whom whose where parents are dead.
5. What was the name of the person to who whom whose where you spoke on the phone?
6. The place who whom whose where we spent our holidays was really beautiful.
7. This school is only for children who whom whose where first language is not English.
8. The woman with who whom whose where he fell in love left him after a month.

4. Закончите эти предложения, используя свои идеи. Они как в примерах урока разделов D и E.

1. I’ll always remember the day .
2. I’ll never forget the time .
3. The reason was that I didn’t know your address.
4. Unfortunately I wasn’t at home the evening .
5. The reason is that they don’t need one.
6. was the year .