Тема / Топик по английскому языку:
Higher Education in Great Britain
Pupils going on to higher education or professional training usually take «А» level examinations in two or three subjects. Universities accept students mainly on the basis of their «A» level results, although they may interview them as well. In 1971 the Open University was started, where these formal qualifications are not necessary. Nearly a quarter of all adult part-time students follow its degree courses on radio and television.
There are forty-seven universities in Britain and thirty former polytechnics (now also universities), plus 350 colleges and institutes of higher education (some of which train teachers).
Undergraduate courses normally take three years of full-time study, although a number of subjects take longer, including medicine, architecture and foreign languages (where courses include a year abroad). They lead in most cases to a Bachelor’s degree in Arts or Science. There are various postgraduate degrees, including Master and Doctor of Philosophy. The last two are awarded for research in arts or sciences.
Degrees are awarded either by the institution itself, or by the Council for National Academic Awards, particularly in vocational areas. Students of law, architecture and some other professions can take qualifications awarded by their own professional bodies instead of degrees.
At present, students who have been accepted by universities or other institutions of higher education receive a grant from their local authority, which covers the cost of the course, and may cover living expenses. Parents with higher incomes are expected to make a contribution. Until 1990 the grant did not have to be paid back, but now a system of loans has been introduced.
The most famous universities are Oxford and Cambridge, called «Oxbridge». They are famous for their academic excellence.
Topical Vocabulary
Answer the questions:
- What is necessary to go on to higher education?
- What types of higher educational establishments are there in the UK?
- What courses of study are offered by higher education establishments?
- What is the procedure of awarding degrees?
- What are the conditions of receiving grants?
- What are the Oxbridge universities famous for?
Translate into English:
- В университеты принимают студентов в соответствии с результатами сдачи ими экзаменов продвинутого уровня.
- В открытом университете не нужны формальные результаты; курс обучения предполагает получение степени.
- В открытом университете учатся взрослые студенты-вечерники и заочники.
- Вузы Великобритании подразделяются на следующие типы: университеты (в том числе бывшие политехнические институты), колледжи и институты.
- Обучение на дневном отделении обычно длится три года и более.
- Обучение студентов обычно приводит к получению степени бакалавра гуманитарных или естественных наук.
- Степень магистра присуждается за исследования в области гуманитарных или естественных наук.
- Экзамены на присуждение степеней сдаются в вузе, Национальном совете по присуждению ученых степеней или в профессиональных органах.
- Студенты получают стипендии от местных органов власти, которые обязательно покрывают стоимость обучения и иногда - стоимость проживания.
- Была введена система займов, и сейчас студенты должны возвратить стипендию.
- Университеты Оксбриджа известны великолепным качеством обучения.
Посмотреть ответы
2. At the Open University these formal qualifications are not necessary; its course is a degree course.
3. Students of the Open University are adult part-time students.
4. Higher educational establishments in Great Britain are subdivided into the following types: universities (including former polytechnics), colleges and institutes of further education.
5. Undergraduate full-time courses normally take three or more years of study.
6. The courses usually lead to Bachelor’s degree in Arts or Sciences.
7. Master’s degree is awarded for research in the field of humanities or sciences.
8. Exams for a degree are taken at the institution itself, at the Council for National Academic Awards or at professional bodies.
9. Students receive grants from their local authorities which cover the cost of the course and may cover living expenses.
10. A system of loans has been introduced; and now the grant has to be paid back by students.
11. The Oxbridge universities are famous for their academic excellence.