Тема / Топик по английскому языку:
UK Political System
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain is governed by the Parliament and the Queen is Head of State.
The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom.
The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.
The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.
The judiciary branch of the government determines common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive branches.
There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.
Topical Vocabulary
Answer the questions:
- What does the term «constitutional monarchy» mean?
- What body (орган) exercises the legislative power in the country?
- How are the chambers of the Parliament composed?
- What body exercises the executive power?
- How is the executive branch of the government formed?
- What is the official opposition?
- What does the judiciary branch of the government do?
- Is there a written Constitution in Great Britain?
Translate into English:
- Термин «конституционная монархия» означает, что Великобритания управляется парламентом, а главой государства является королева.
- Законодательная власть принадлежит парламенту, состоящему из двух палат.
- Члены палаты общин, реального органа управления страной, избираются народом.
- Премьер-министр назначается королевой и сам назначает кабинет.
- Исполнительная власть в стране осуществляется премьер-министром и его кабинетом.
- Партия, имеющая большинство в палате общин, формирует правительство.
- Члены палаты общин избираются от округов в Англии, Шотландии, Уэльсе и Северной Ирландии.
- Официальная оппозиция формирует свой теневой кабинет.
- Судебная власть определяет гражданское право.
- В Англии вместо письменной конституции существуют прецеденты и традиции.
Посмотреть ответы
2. The legislative power belongs to the Parliament, consisting of two chambers.
3. The members of the House of Commons, the real governing body of the country, are elected by people.
4. Prime Minister is appointed by the Queen and appoints the Cabinet.
5. The executive power in the country is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet.
6. The party, supported by the majority in the House of Commons, forms the government.
7. The members of the House of Commons are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
8. The official opposition forms its own Shadow Cabinet.
9. The legislative power determines common law.
10. In England, instead of a written Constitution, there are precedents and traditions.